Yosef Golowa, MD, FSIR Interventional Radiology · Minimally Invasive Specialist
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Venous leak embolization: how the procedure works

A minimally invasive procedure that selectively blocks the leaking veins, restoring the pressure needed for a firm erection. Here is what it involves, who it suits, and what recovery looks like.

Fluoroscopy image showing abnormal venous drainage from the penis

By Yosef Golowa, MD, FSIR · Published March 24, 2026 · 2 min read

Venous leak embolization is a minimally invasive procedure that restores the blood pressure necessary for a normal erection. It works by selectively blocking certain veins so that blood is retained in the penis rather than draining away, enabling a firmer erection.

Erectile dysfunction affects millions of men worldwide. Many treatment options exist, but some men do not respond well to conventional treatments such as oral medication or injections. In selected cases, this procedure offers real promise.

What venous leak is

Venous leak, also known as veno-occlusive dysfunction, is a common cause of ED. It occurs when the veins in the penis are unable to trap blood properly during an erection, which makes firmness difficult to maintain. The condition is explained in more depth in this article.

Common complaints include a chronically soft erection insufficient for intercourse, erectile rigidity that changes with body position, difficulty achieving an erection, difficulty maintaining one without constant manual stimulation, loss of penile length and girth, and a soft glans during erection.

How the procedure is performed

Venous leak embolization is performed by an interventional radiologist. A small catheter is inserted into the affected veins near the penis. Tiny coils, a sclerosing agent, or a specialized glue is then delivered to close those veins, allowing blood to be trapped adequately and erectile function to be restored.

The benefits

  • Minimally invasive. Compared with surgery, embolization requires only a small needle puncture and has a far shorter recovery.
  • Effective. Studies show significant improvement in erectile function for many men after the procedure.
  • Safe. Embolization is generally a safe procedure with a low risk of complications.
  • Outpatient. Patients go home the same day.

Who is a candidate

Venous leak embolization may be an option for men who:

  • Have ED caused by venous leak.
  • Have not responded well to other treatments.
  • Are in good overall health.

What to expect during the procedure

  • Local anesthesia. The area where the catheter is inserted is numbed.
  • Mild to moderate sedation. You may be given medication to help you relax.
  • Real-time imaging. X-ray guidance is used to find the culprit vein, position the catheter, and deliver the embolic agent.
  • Monitoring. You are monitored for a short period afterward.

Recovery

  • Most men return to normal activities within a few days.
  • You may have mild discomfort or bruising at the needle site.
  • You will be given specific instructions about resuming sexual activity.

Is it right for you?

If you are struggling with ED and have not found success with other treatments, venous leak embolization is worth considering before more invasive surgical options such as an implant. The full range of alternatives is set out in venous leak treatment options, and the published evidence is summarised in this review of a Swiss study.

To learn more, or to find out whether you are a candidate, call our office at (212) 991-9991 or book an appointment with Dr. Golowa.

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